Rewritable and sustainable 2D barcode for traceability application in smart IoT based fault-tolerant mechanism.

With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, two-dimensional (2D) barcodes are widely used in smart IoT applications as a perception portal. In industries with many circulations and testing links like traceability, since the existing 2D barcode cannot be changed once it is printed, it can only be replaced with more expensive radio frequency identification (RFID) labels or new 2D barcodes, causing a waste of human resources and costs. For better circulation efficiency and resource utilization, we propose a new design of the rewritable and sustainable 2D barcode based on the fault-tolerance mechanism. The ability to add new information in the 2D barcode can be achieved through data encryption and the insertion of a rewritable layer. It means the message of 2D barcodes could be changed, and increases the flexibility and liquidity of the 2D barcode application. Besides, the encoding and decoding method of the proposed 2D barcode is presented. Experimental results have illustrated the superiority of rewritable and sustainable 2D barcodes in the traceability of herbal medicine compared with the conventional 2D barcodes, and demonstrated the feasibility of the design. The findings show the potential for significant application in the field of traceability in smart IoT, as well as in the manufacturing industry and logistics

Palladium-Catalyzed Cascade Heck Cyclization To Access Bisindoles

A novel strategy for intercepting the σ-alkylpalladium species generated via a Heck reaction, enabling a palladium-catalyzed cyclization of <i>o</i>-ethynylanilines, has been described. This direct and operationally simple protocol provided a fundamental platform to synthesize bisindoles with high efficiency, involving one C–N bond and two C–C bond formations

Soil chemical characteristics in different development stages of <i>C</i>. <i>kawakamii</i> natural forest gaps.

<p>Data (mean± SD) marked with different letters(a, b) in plots were significantly different under <i>p</i> level as 0.05 in the same row.</p><p>Soil chemical characteristics in different development stages of <i>C</i>. <i>kawakamii</i> natural forest gaps.</p

Soil pore space structure and soil water characteristics in different gap sizes of <i>C</i>. <i>kawakamii</i> natural forest gaps.

<p>Data (mean± SD) marked with different letters(a, b) in plots were significantly different under <i>p</i> level as 0.05 in the same row.</p><p>Soil pore space structure and soil water characteristics in different gap sizes of <i>C</i>. <i>kawakamii</i> natural forest gaps.</p

Geographic location of <i>C</i>. <i>kawakamii</i> nature reserve.

<p>Geographic location of <i>C</i>. <i>kawakamii</i> nature reserve.</p

Soil pore space structure and soil water characteristics in different development stages of <i>C</i>. <i>kawakamii</i> natural forest gaps.

<p>Data (mean± SD) marked with different letters(a, b) in plots were significantly different under <i>p</i> level as 0.05 in the same row.</p><p>Soil pore space structure and soil water characteristics in different development stages of <i>C</i>. <i>kawakamii</i> natural forest gaps.</p

Mechanism of moisture adsorption in plant fibers surface-modified with glycerol evaluated by LF-NMR relaxation technique

Surface modification by humectants is an important technology to improve product quality in textile field, healthcare, tobacco processing and paper-making industry. As a common humectant glycerol is applied to keep the moisture adsorbability of the plant fibers during manufacturing. The effects of glycerol on the moisture adsorption of the plant fibers were studied by analyzing the induced differences of bulk and surface physicochemical property with XRD, FTIR, SEM characterizations. The improvement of moisture adsorption capacity of the modified plant fibers was caused by the increased active adsorption sites, while the moisture diffusion resistance increased simultaneously with glycerol indicated by a declining D-eff. LF-NMR relaxation spectra demonstrated the water state and distribution in the plant fibers were changed by loading glycerol. The moisture transfer mechanisms induced by glycerol were also investigated. Free water failed to materialize in the plant fibers treated with glycerol, immobile water existed preferentially during the adsorption, and bound water presented increasing after the immobile water was saturated. These findings are referenced values to improve the manufacturing processes of moisture-retaining properties of different functional plant fibers. [GRAPHICS]

Soil chemical characteristics in different gap sizes of <i>C</i>. <i>kawakamii</i> natural forest gaps.

<p>Data (mean± SD) marked with different letters(a, b) in plots were significantly different under <i>p</i> level as 0.05 in the same row.</p><p>Soil chemical characteristics in different gap sizes of <i>C</i>. <i>kawakamii</i> natural forest gaps.</p

Ectopic Expression of a Maize Gene <i>ZmDUF1645</i> in Rice Increases Grain Length and Yield, but Reduces Drought Stress Tolerance

As the human population grows rapidly, food shortages will become an even greater problem; therefore, increasing crop yield has become a focus of rice breeding programs. The maize gene, ZmDUF1645, encoding a putative member of the DUF1645 protein family with an unknown function, was transformed into rice. Phenotypic analysis showed that enhanced ZmDUF1645 expression significantly altered various traits in transgenic rice plants, including increased grain length, width, weight, and number per panicle, resulting in a significant increase in yield, but a decrease in rice tolerance to drought stress. qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of the related genes regulating meristem activity, such as MPKA, CDKA, a novel crop grain filling gene (GIF1), and GS3, was significantly changed in the ZmDUF1645-overexpression lines. Subcellular colocalization showed that ZmDUF1645 was primarily localized on cell membrane systems. Based on these findings, we speculate that ZmDUF1645, like the OsSGL gene in the same protein family, may regulate grain size and affect yield through the cytokinin signaling pathway. This research provides further knowledge and understanding of the unknown functions of the DUF1645 protein family and may serve as a reference for biological breeding engineering to increase maize crop yield